2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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2025-07-16 00:32:06 -04:00
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2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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2025-07-16 00:32:06 -04:00
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<title>Mayan Calendar</title>
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2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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2025-07-16 00:32:06 -04:00
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<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Mayan Calendar</a>
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<a class="nav-link" href="#explanation">Explanation</a>
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2025-07-16 00:32:06 -04:00
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<a class="nav-link" href="https://frcal.qt.ax">French Republican Calendar</a>
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2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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<a class="nav-link" href="https://jcal.qt.ax">Julian Calendar</a>
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<a class="nav-link" href="https://gcal.qt.ax">Gregorian Calendar</a>
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<h2 id="explanation">Explanation</h2>
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<div class="card">
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<div class="card-body">
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<h4 class="card-title">What is this?</h4>
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<p class="lead">This is an attempt to render the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_calendar">Mayan
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calendar</a> in a more familiar “monthly” calendar format.</p>
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<p>The idea of a monthly calendar is sort of alien to the Maya, who used two cycles to track the date and
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a modified base-20 numbering system to track the exact date:</p>
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<ul>
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2025-07-18 03:18:29 -04:00
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<li>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin"><strong>Tzolkʼin</strong></a>
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cycle, which is a 260-day cycle based on combining 20 day names with 13 numbers, used for religious
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and ceremonial events and for divination;
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</li>
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<li>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haab%CA%BC"><strong>Haabʼ</strong></a> cycle, which is a
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2025-07-19 23:41:22 -04:00
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365-day cycle consisting of 18 months of 20 day each, plus 5 days at the end of the year known as
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the <em>Wayebʼ</em>;
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</li>
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<li>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoamerican_Long_Count_calendar"><strong>Long
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Count</strong></a>, represents the absolute number of days since the Mayan date of creation.
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</li>
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</ul>
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2025-07-18 03:18:29 -04:00
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<p>Since the <em>Haabʼ</em> is the closest equivalent to months in the Mayan system, this calendar
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application is based on the <em>Haabʼ</em>. This poses a problem, as in the Mayan system, the Long Count
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is used to track the absolute date and the cycles of <em>Tzolkʼin</em> and <em>Haabʼ</em> are
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2025-07-20 22:48:26 -04:00
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unnumbered. To mitigate this issue, I numbered the <em>Haabʼ</em> cycles, with the date of creation in
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cycle 0.</p>
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2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="card">
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<div class="card-body">
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2025-07-18 03:22:31 -04:00
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<h4 class="card-title">How does Tzolkʼin work?</h4>
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<p class="lead">The Tzolkʼin is composed from two concurrent cycles—the number 1 to 13, and a list of
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20 day names.</p>
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<p>The day name are: Imix, Ikʼ, Akʼbʼal, Kʼan, Chikchan, Kimi, Manikʼ, Lamat, Muluk, Ok, Chuwen, Ebʼ, Bʼen,
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Ix, Men, Kibʼ, Kabʼan, Etzʼnabʼ, Kawak, and Ajaw.</p>
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<p>Note that the day name and number cycles are completely independent and advance concurrently. This means
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that 1 Imix is followed by 2 Ikʼ and so on. There is no definite start or end to this cycle, but day
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names repeat every 260 days, which is the least common multiple of 13 and 20.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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2025-07-19 23:41:22 -04:00
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<div class="card">
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<div class="card-body">
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<h4 class="card-title">How does Haabʼ work?</h4>
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<p class="lead">The Haabʼ is a cycle of 18 months of 20 days each, counted from 0 to 19, plus 5 extra days
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at the end of the year called the <em>Wayebʼ</em>.</p>
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<p>The 18 normal months are named Pop, Woʼ, Sip, Sotzʼ, Sek, Xul, Yaxkʼin, Mol, Chʼen, Yax, Sakʼ, Keh, Mak,
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Kʼankʼin, Muwan, Pax, Kʼayabʼ, and Kumkʼu.</p>
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<p>The days of each month are counted from 0. So a year would start at 0 Pop, followed by 1 Pop, etc. The
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month of Pop ends at 19 Pop, which is followed by 0 Woʼ. The pattern continues until 19 Kumkʼu, after
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which we have 0 Wayebʼ. The last day of the year is 4 Wayebʼ.</p>
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<p>Note that in the traditional Mayan system, the Haabʼ cycle repeats, but the iterations (“years”)
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are <strong>not</strong> numbered. Years were implemented in this version to allow the exact screen to
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be identified.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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2025-07-20 22:48:26 -04:00
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<div class="card">
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<div class="card-body">
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<h4 class="card-title">How do the Haabʼ years work?</h4>
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<p class="lead">In the traditional Mayan calendar, Haabʼ cycles are unnumbered. To help uniquely identify
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every screen, I introduced year numbers, with the date of Mayan creation as “year 0.”</p>
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<p>In my system, the year number increases every time 0 Pop rolls around, with year 0 being defined as the
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year containing Mayan creation date (0.0.0.0.0 in the Long Count). This means that creation happens on 8
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Kumkʼu in year 0, and the year continues until 4 Wayebʼ, after which the date is 0 Pop in year 1.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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<div class="card">
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<div class="card-body">
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2025-07-23 21:08:19 -04:00
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<h4 class="card-title">How does the Long Count work?</h4>
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<p class="lead">The Long Count calendar is a count of days since the Mayan date of creation, which is August
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11, 3114 BCE in the proleptic Gregorian calendar or September 6, 3114 BCE in the proleptic Julian
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calendar.</p>
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<p>It uses a modified base-20 system to represent this number, with each “digit” counting from 0
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up to 19, except for the second last “digit,” which counts from 0 to 17. Typically, five
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numbers are shown, separated by dots, but in theory, more numbers could be used for dates in the distant
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future.</p>
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<p>For example, the date 13.0.0.0.0 represents exactly 13×20×20×18×20 =
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1 872 000 days since the date of creation, which is December 21, 2012 CE.</p>
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<p>Each “digit,” of the Long Count have a name, from the rightmost: kʼin, winal, tun, kʼatun,
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bʼakʼtun, piktun, kalabtun, kʼinchiltun, alautun, hablatun. Terms from bʼakʼtun and beyond were invented
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by modern scholars and were not used by the classical Maya.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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2025-07-25 23:01:07 -04:00
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<div class="card">
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<div class="card-body">
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<h4 class="card-title">What are the Lords of the Night?</h4>
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<p class="lead">They are nine deities in Mayan mythology who rule over every ninth night and forming a
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cycle.</p>
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<p>The Mayan names for these nine deities were unfortunately lost to history, so they are designated
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numerically from G1 to G9.</p>
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<p>The Aztecs used a similar system with different names, and those names are: Xiuhtecuhtli, Tezcatlipoca,
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Piltzintecuhtli, Centeotl, Mictlantecuhtli, Chalchiuhtlicue, Tlazolteotl, Tepeyollotl, Tlaloc. Since
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this is a Mayan calendar, we will not be using the Aztec names.</p>
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2025-07-13 15:23:24 -04:00
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<p class="text-muted">Copyright © 2022-<%= new Date().getFullYear() %>
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<a href="https://quantum5.ca">Quantum</a>.
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Licensed under <a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.en.html">GNU AGPLv3</a>.
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Source code available on <a href="https://github.com/quantum5/qcal">GitHub</a>.<br>
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